diff --git a/src/function/builtin/APPLY.java b/src/function/builtin/APPLY.java
index ca35f92..4a9797c 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/APPLY.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/APPLY.java
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ public class APPLY extends LispFunction {
     public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
         argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
 
-        Cons cdr = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
+        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
         SExpression functionName = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression functionArguments = cdr.getFirst();
+        SExpression functionArguments = rest.getFirst();
         LispFunction function = EVAL.lookupFunctionOrLambda(functionName);
 
         return function.call((Cons) functionArguments);
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/EVAL.java b/src/function/builtin/EVAL.java
index a73a6b4..b8aa08b 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/EVAL.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/EVAL.java
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ public class EVAL extends LispFunction {
         if (arguments.nullp())
             return Nil.getInstance();
 
-        SExpression car = eval(arguments.getFirst());
-        SExpression cdr = arguments.getRest();
+        SExpression first = eval(arguments.getFirst());
+        SExpression rest = arguments.getRest();
 
-        return new Cons(car, evaluateArgList((Cons) cdr));
+        return new Cons(first, evaluateArgList((Cons) rest));
     }
 
     public static class UndefinedFunctionException extends LispException {
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/cons/CONS.java b/src/function/builtin/cons/CONS.java
index 30deaa1..013fed6 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/cons/CONS.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/cons/CONS.java
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ public class CONS extends LispFunction {
     public Cons call(Cons argumentList) {
         argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
 
-        Cons cdr = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
+        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
         SExpression firstArgument = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression secondArgument = cdr.getFirst();
+        SExpression secondArgument = rest.getFirst();
 
         return new Cons(firstArgument, secondArgument);
     }
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/cons/CAR.java b/src/function/builtin/cons/FIRST.java
similarity index 78%
rename from src/function/builtin/cons/CAR.java
rename to src/function/builtin/cons/FIRST.java
index 1dad001..7a9a206 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/cons/CAR.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/cons/FIRST.java
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ package function.builtin.cons;
 import function.*;
 import sexpression.*;
 
-public class CAR extends LispFunction {
+public class FIRST extends LispFunction {
 
     private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
 
-    public CAR() {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator("CAR");
+    public FIRST() {
+        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator("FIRST");
         this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(1);
         this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
     }
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/cons/CDR.java b/src/function/builtin/cons/REST.java
similarity index 78%
rename from src/function/builtin/cons/CDR.java
rename to src/function/builtin/cons/REST.java
index 6f0f4fb..34fceb1 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/cons/CDR.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/cons/REST.java
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ package function.builtin.cons;
 import function.*;
 import sexpression.*;
 
-public class CDR extends LispFunction {
+public class REST extends LispFunction {
 
     private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
 
-    public CDR() {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator("CDR");
+    public REST() {
+        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator("REST");
         this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(1);
         this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
     }
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQ.java b/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQ.java
index c958162..7e6604b 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQ.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQ.java
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ public class EQ extends LispFunction {
     public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
         argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
 
-        Cons cdr = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
+        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
         SExpression firstArgument = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression secondArgument = cdr.getFirst();
+        SExpression secondArgument = rest.getFirst();
 
         return eq(firstArgument, secondArgument);
     }
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQUAL.java b/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQUAL.java
index fa9ea8f..f3503a2 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQUAL.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/predicate/EQUAL.java
@@ -20,24 +20,24 @@ public class EQUAL extends LispFunction {
     }
 
     private SExpression callRecursive(Cons argumentList) {
-        Cons cdr = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
+        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
         SExpression firstArgument = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression secondArgument = cdr.getFirst();
+        SExpression secondArgument = rest.getFirst();
 
         if (!isListPair(firstArgument, secondArgument))
             return equal(firstArgument, secondArgument);
 
         Cons listOne = (Cons) firstArgument;
         Cons listTwo = (Cons) secondArgument;
-        SExpression listOneCar = listOne.getFirst();
-        SExpression listTwoCar = listTwo.getFirst();
-        SExpression listOneCdr = listOne.getRest();
-        SExpression listTwoCdr = listTwo.getRest();
+        SExpression listOneFirst = listOne.getFirst();
+        SExpression listTwoFirst = listTwo.getFirst();
+        SExpression listOneRest = listOne.getRest();
+        SExpression listTwoRest = listTwo.getRest();
 
-        SExpression carEqual = callRecursive(makeArgumentList(listOneCar, listTwoCar));
-        SExpression cdrEqual = callRecursive(makeArgumentList(listOneCdr, listTwoCdr));
+        SExpression firstEqual = callRecursive(makeArgumentList(listOneFirst, listTwoFirst));
+        SExpression restEqual = callRecursive(makeArgumentList(listOneRest, listTwoRest));
 
-        return logicalConjunction(carEqual, cdrEqual);
+        return logicalConjunction(firstEqual, restEqual);
     }
 
     private boolean isListPair(SExpression firstArgument, SExpression secondArgument) {
@@ -52,16 +52,16 @@ public class EQUAL extends LispFunction {
         return firstArgument.toString().equals(secondArgument.toString());
     }
 
-    private Cons makeArgumentList(SExpression listOneCar, SExpression listTwoCar) {
-        return new Cons(listOneCar, LIST.makeList(listTwoCar));
+    private Cons makeArgumentList(SExpression listOneFirst, SExpression listTwoFirst) {
+        return new Cons(listOneFirst, LIST.makeList(listTwoFirst));
     }
 
-    private SExpression logicalConjunction(SExpression carEqual, SExpression cdrEqual) {
-        return bothAreTrue(carEqual, cdrEqual) ? Symbol.T : Nil.getInstance();
+    private SExpression logicalConjunction(SExpression firstEqual, SExpression restEqual) {
+        return bothAreTrue(firstEqual, restEqual) ? Symbol.T : Nil.getInstance();
     }
 
-    private boolean bothAreTrue(SExpression carEqual, SExpression cdrEqual) {
-        return (carEqual == Symbol.T) && (cdrEqual == Symbol.T);
+    private boolean bothAreTrue(SExpression firstEqual, SExpression restEqual) {
+        return (firstEqual == Symbol.T) && (restEqual == Symbol.T);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/special/COND.java b/src/function/builtin/special/COND.java
index a2e991c..87bdeee 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/special/COND.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/special/COND.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class COND extends LispFunction {
         SExpression lastResultValue = test;
 
         for (SExpression result = clause.getRest(); result.consp(); result = advanceCons(result))
-            lastResultValue = eval(getCar(result));
+            lastResultValue = eval(getFirst(result));
 
         return lastResultValue;
     }
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class COND extends LispFunction {
         return ((Cons) knownCons).getRest();
     }
 
-    private SExpression getCar(SExpression knownCons) {
+    private SExpression getFirst(SExpression knownCons) {
         return ((Cons) knownCons).getFirst();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/special/LAMBDA.java b/src/function/builtin/special/LAMBDA.java
index adb2912..d64d911 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/special/LAMBDA.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/special/LAMBDA.java
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package function.builtin.special;
 
+import static function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList;
+
 import function.*;
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST;
 import sexpression.*;
 
 public class LAMBDA extends LispFunction {
@@ -17,13 +18,13 @@ public class LAMBDA extends LispFunction {
     }
 
     public static UserDefinedFunction createFunction(Cons lambdaExpression) {
-        SExpression cdr = lambdaExpression.getRest();
+        SExpression rest = lambdaExpression.getRest();
 
         ArgumentValidator lambdaValidator = new ArgumentValidator("LAMBDA|create|");
         lambdaValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
-        lambdaValidator.validate(LIST.makeList(cdr));
+        lambdaValidator.validate(makeList(rest));
 
-        LambdaExpression lambda = new LAMBDA().call((Cons) cdr);
+        LambdaExpression lambda = new LAMBDA().call((Cons) rest);
 
         return lambda.getFunction();
     }
@@ -43,8 +44,8 @@ public class LAMBDA extends LispFunction {
     public LambdaExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
         argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
 
-        SExpression car = argumentList.getFirst();
-        Cons lambdaList = (Cons) car;
+        SExpression first = argumentList.getFirst();
+        Cons lambdaList = (Cons) first;
         Cons body = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
 
         lambdaListValidator.validate(lambdaList);
diff --git a/src/function/builtin/special/SETF.java b/src/function/builtin/special/SETF.java
index 9b8f725..224962b 100644
--- a/src/function/builtin/special/SETF.java
+++ b/src/function/builtin/special/SETF.java
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ public class SETF extends LispFunction {
     public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
         argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
 
-        Cons cdr = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
+        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
         SExpression symbol = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression value = eval(cdr.getFirst());
+        SExpression value = eval(rest.getFirst());
 
         SymbolTable table = findScopeOfSymbol(symbol);
         table.put(symbol.toString(), value);
diff --git a/src/sexpression/Nil.java b/src/sexpression/Nil.java
index 71da8d5..0fe3c44 100644
--- a/src/sexpression/Nil.java
+++ b/src/sexpression/Nil.java
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ public class Nil extends Cons {
     }
 
     /**
-     * The car of NIL can not be changed.
+     * The first of NIL can not be changed.
      */
-    public void setFirst(SExpression newCar) {}
+    public void setFirst(SExpression first) {}
 
     /**
-     * The cdr of NIL can not be changed.
+     * The rest of NIL can not be changed.
      */
-    public void setRest(SExpression newCdr) {}
+    public void setRest(SExpression rest) {}
 
     public String toString() {
         return "NIL";
diff --git a/src/table/FunctionTable.java b/src/table/FunctionTable.java
index fc70e18..a68ca7d 100644
--- a/src/table/FunctionTable.java
+++ b/src/table/FunctionTable.java
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ public class FunctionTable {
         functionTable.put("AND", new AND());
         functionTable.put("APPLY", new APPLY());
         functionTable.put("ATOM", new ATOM());
-        functionTable.put("CAR", new CAR());
-        functionTable.put("CDR", new CDR());
+        functionTable.put("CAR", new FIRST());
+        functionTable.put("CDR", new REST());
         functionTable.put("COND", new COND());
         functionTable.put("CONS", new CONS());
         functionTable.put("DEFUN", new DEFUN());
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class FunctionTable {
         functionTable.put("EQUAL", new EQUAL());
         functionTable.put("EVAL", new EVAL());
         functionTable.put("EXIT", new EXIT());
-        functionTable.put("FIRST", new CAR());
+        functionTable.put("FIRST", new FIRST());
         functionTable.put("FUNCALL", new FUNCALL());
         functionTable.put("GREATERP", new GREATERP());
         functionTable.put("IF", new IF());
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class FunctionTable {
         functionTable.put("OR", new OR());
         functionTable.put("PRINT", new PRINT());
         functionTable.put("QUOTE", new QUOTE());
-        functionTable.put("REST", new CDR());
+        functionTable.put("REST", new REST());
         functionTable.put("SETF", new SETF());
         functionTable.put("SYMBOL-FUNCTION", new SYMBOL_FUNCTION());
     }
diff --git a/src/token/Token.java b/src/token/Token.java
index 90a9451..fe8af36 100644
--- a/src/token/Token.java
+++ b/src/token/Token.java
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ public abstract class Token {
 
     // sExprTail ::= RIGHT_PAREN | sExpr sExprTail
     public SExpression parseSExpressionTail(Supplier<Token> getNextToken) {
-        SExpression car = parseSExpression(getNextToken);
+        SExpression first = parseSExpression(getNextToken);
 
         Token nextToken = getNextToken.get();
-        SExpression cdr = nextToken.parseSExpressionTail(getNextToken);
+        SExpression rest = nextToken.parseSExpressionTail(getNextToken);
 
-        return new Cons(car, cdr);
+        return new Cons(first, rest);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/function/builtin/cons/CARTester.java b/test/function/builtin/cons/CARTester.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d2d7fe..0000000
--- a/test/function/builtin/cons/CARTester.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import static testutil.TestUtilities.*;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator.*;
-
-public class CARTester {
-
-    @Test
-    public void testCarWithNil() {
-        String input = "(car nil)";
-
-        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("()"), evaluateString(input));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testCarWithList() {
-        String input = "(car '(1 2 3))";
-
-        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("1"), evaluateString(input));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testNestedCarWithList() {
-        String input = "(car (car '((1 2) 3)))";
-
-        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("1"), evaluateString(input));
-    }
-
-    @Test(expected = BadArgumentTypeException.class)
-    public void testCarWithNonList() {
-        evaluateString("(car 'x)");
-    }
-
-    @Test(expected = TooManyArgumentsException.class)
-    public void testCarWithTooManyArguments() {
-        evaluateString("(car '(1 2) '(1 2) \"oh\")");
-    }
-
-    @Test(expected = TooFewArgumentsException.class)
-    public void testCarWithTooFewArguments() {
-        evaluateString("(car)");
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/test/function/builtin/cons/CONSTester.java b/test/function/builtin/cons/CONSTester.java
index 4cc868b..22e1eb2 100644
--- a/test/function/builtin/cons/CONSTester.java
+++ b/test/function/builtin/cons/CONSTester.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public class CONSTester {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConsWithListAsCdr() {
+    public void testConsWithListAsRest() {
         String input = "(cons 1 '(2 3))";
 
         assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("(1 2 3)"), evaluateString(input));
diff --git a/test/function/builtin/cons/FIRSTTester.java b/test/function/builtin/cons/FIRSTTester.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5809f94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/function/builtin/cons/FIRSTTester.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package function.builtin.cons;
+
+import static testutil.TestUtilities.*;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator.*;
+
+public class FIRSTTester {
+
+    @Test
+    public void firstOfNil() {
+        String input = "(first nil)";
+
+        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("()"), evaluateString(input));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void firstOfList() {
+        String input = "(first '(1 2 3))";
+
+        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("1"), evaluateString(input));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void carOfList() {
+        String input = "(car '(1 2 3))";
+
+        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("1"), evaluateString(input));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void nestedFirstOfList() {
+        String input = "(first (first '((1 2) 3)))";
+
+        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("1"), evaluateString(input));
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = BadArgumentTypeException.class)
+    public void firstOfSymbol() {
+        evaluateString("(first 'x)");
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = TooManyArgumentsException.class)
+    public void firstWithTooManyArguments() {
+        evaluateString("(first '(1 2) '(1 2) \"oh\")");
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = TooFewArgumentsException.class)
+    public void firstWithTooFewArguments() {
+        evaluateString("(first)");
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/test/function/builtin/cons/CDRTester.java b/test/function/builtin/cons/RESTTester.java
similarity index 50%
rename from test/function/builtin/cons/CDRTester.java
rename to test/function/builtin/cons/RESTTester.java
index 22b27dd..aaa71c1 100644
--- a/test/function/builtin/cons/CDRTester.java
+++ b/test/function/builtin/cons/RESTTester.java
@@ -6,42 +6,49 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 
 import function.ArgumentValidator.*;
 
-public class CDRTester {
+public class RESTTester {
 
     @Test
-    public void testCdrWithNil() {
-        String input = "(cdr nil)";
+    public void restOfNil() {
+        String input = "(rest nil)";
 
         assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("()"), evaluateString(input));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCdrWithList() {
+    public void restOfList() {
+        String input = "(rest '(1 2 3))";
+
+        assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("(2 3)"), evaluateString(input));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void cdrOfList() {
         String input = "(cdr '(1 2 3))";
 
         assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("(2 3)"), evaluateString(input));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNestedCdrWithList() {
-        String input = "(cdr (cdr '(1 2 3)))";
+    public void nestedRestOfList() {
+        String input = "(rest (rest '(1 2 3)))";
 
         assertSExpressionsMatch(parseString("(3)"), evaluateString(input));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = BadArgumentTypeException.class)
-    public void testCdrWithNonList() {
-        evaluateString("(cdr 'x)");
+    public void restOfSymbol() {
+        evaluateString("(rest 'x)");
     }
 
     @Test(expected = TooManyArgumentsException.class)
-    public void testCdrWithTooManyArguments() {
-        evaluateString("(cdr '(1 2) '(1 2) \"oh\")");
+    public void restWithTooManyArguments() {
+        evaluateString("(rest '(1 2) '(1 2) \"oh\")");
     }
 
     @Test(expected = TooFewArgumentsException.class)
-    public void testCdrWithTooFewArguments() {
-        evaluateString("(cdr)");
+    public void restWithTooFewArguments() {
+        evaluateString("(rest)");
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/sexpression/SExpressionTester.java b/test/sexpression/SExpressionTester.java
index eee01f5..d768ce0 100644
--- a/test/sexpression/SExpressionTester.java
+++ b/test/sexpression/SExpressionTester.java
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public class SExpressionTester {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConsWithNonListCdrToString() {
+    public void testImproperListToString() {
         String expected = "(A . B)";
         Cons list = new Cons(new Symbol("A"), new Symbol("B"));
 
@@ -105,17 +105,17 @@ public class SExpressionTester {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCarOfNilIsNil() {
+    public void testFirstOfNilIsNil() {
         assertEquals(Nil.getInstance(), Nil.getInstance().getFirst());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCdrOfNilIsNil() {
+    public void testRestOfNilIsNil() {
         assertEquals(Nil.getInstance(), Nil.getInstance().getRest());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void afterSettingCarOfNil_ShouldStillBeNil() {
+    public void afterSettingFirstOfNil_ShouldStillBeNil() {
         Cons nil = Nil.getInstance();
         nil.setFirst(new LispNumber("2"));
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public class SExpressionTester {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void afterSettingCdrOfNil_ShouldStillBeNil() {
+    public void afterSettingRestOfNil_ShouldStillBeNil() {
         Cons nil = Nil.getInstance();
         nil.setRest(new LispNumber("2"));