Convert remaining built in functions to kotlin

src/main/kotlin/function/ArgumentValidator.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package function
 
 import error.LispException
-import function.builtin.cons.LENGTH.getLength
+import function.builtin.cons.Length.Companion.getLength
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.DisplayName
 import sexpression.SExpression

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/Eval.kt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import error.LispException
 import function.ArgumentValidator
 import function.FunctionNames
 import function.LispFunction
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import function.builtin.special.Lambda.Lambda.createFunction
 import function.builtin.special.Lambda.Lambda.isLambdaExpression
 import function.builtin.special.Recur.RecurNotInTailPositionException

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/Funcall.kt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import function.ArgumentValidator
 import function.FunctionNames
 import function.LispFunction
 import function.builtin.Apply.Companion.apply
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.SExpression
 

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/APPEND.java

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.Nil;
-import table.FunctionTable;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "APPEND" })
-public class APPEND extends LispFunction {
-
-    public static Cons append(Cons firstList, Cons secondList) {
-        return lookupAppend().appendLists(firstList, secondList);
-    }
-
-    private static APPEND lookupAppend() {
-        return (APPEND) FunctionTable.INSTANCE.lookupFunction("APPEND");
-    }
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private ArgumentValidator firstListValidator;
-
-    public APPEND(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(2);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
-        this.firstListValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name + "|first-list|");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Cons call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
-        Cons firstList = (Cons) argumentList.getFirst();
-        Cons secondList = (Cons) rest.getFirst();
-
-        return appendLists(firstList, secondList);
-    }
-
-    private Cons appendLists(Cons firstList, Cons secondList) {
-        firstListValidator.validate(firstList);
-
-        if (firstList.isNull())
-            return secondList;
-
-        Cons appendedLists = copy(firstList);
-        getLastItem(appendedLists).setRest(secondList);
-
-        return appendedLists;
-    }
-
-    private Cons copy(Cons list) {
-        Cons newList = new Cons(list.getFirst(), Nil.INSTANCE);
-        Cons builder = newList;
-
-        for (Cons iterator = (Cons) list.getRest(); iterator.isCons(); iterator = (Cons) iterator.getRest()) {
-            builder.setRest(new Cons(iterator.getFirst(), Nil.INSTANCE));
-            builder = (Cons) builder.getRest();
-        }
-
-        return newList;
-    }
-
-    private Cons getLastItem(Cons list) {
-        Cons tail = list;
-
-        while (tail.getRest().isCons())
-            tail = (Cons) tail.getRest();
-
-        return tail;
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/Append.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.Nil
+import table.FunctionTable
+
+@FunctionNames("APPEND")
+class Append(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(2)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val firstListValidator = ArgumentValidator("$name|first-list|")
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): Cons {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        val rest = argumentList.rest as Cons
+        val firstList = argumentList.first as Cons
+        val secondList = rest.first as Cons
+
+        return appendLists(firstList, secondList)
+    }
+
+    private fun appendLists(firstList: Cons, secondList: Cons): Cons {
+        firstListValidator.validate(firstList)
+
+        if (firstList.isNull)
+            return secondList
+
+        val appendedLists = copy(firstList)
+        appendedLists.last().rest = secondList
+
+        return appendedLists
+    }
+
+    private fun copy(list: Cons): Cons {
+        val newList = Cons(list.first, Nil)
+        var builder = newList
+
+        list.asSequence().drop(1).forEach {
+            builder.rest = Cons(it.first, Nil)
+            builder = builder.rest as Cons
+        }
+
+        return newList
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+
+        @JvmStatic
+        fun append(firstList: Cons, secondList: Cons): Cons {
+            return lookupAppend().appendLists(firstList, secondList)
+        }
+
+        private fun lookupAppend() = FunctionTable.lookupFunction("APPEND") as Append
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/CONS.java

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "CONS" })
-public class CONS extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public CONS(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(2);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Cons call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        Cons rest = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
-        SExpression firstArgument = argumentList.getFirst();
-        SExpression secondArgument = rest.getFirst();
-
-        return new Cons(firstArgument, secondArgument);
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/Construct.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+
+@FunctionNames("CONS")
+class Construct(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(2)
+    }
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): Cons {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        val rest = argumentList.rest as Cons
+        val firstArgument = argumentList.first
+        val secondArgument = rest.first
+
+        return Cons(firstArgument, secondArgument)
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/FIRST.java

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "FIRST", "CAR" })
-public class FIRST extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public FIRST(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(1);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-        Cons argument = (Cons) argumentList.getFirst();
-
-        return argument.getFirst();
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/First.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.SExpression
+
+@FunctionNames("FIRST", "CAR")
+class First(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(1)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons::class.java)
+    }
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): SExpression {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+        val argument = argumentList.first as Cons
+
+        return argument.first
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/LENGTH.java

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import recursion.TailCall;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-import table.FunctionTable;
-
-import java.math.BigInteger;
-
-import static function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList;
-import static recursion.TailCalls.done;
-import static recursion.TailCalls.tailCall;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "LENGTH" })
-public class LENGTH extends LispFunction {
-
-    public static BigInteger getLength(Cons list) {
-        LispNumber length = lookupLength().callWithoutArgumentValidation(makeList(list));
-
-        return length.getValue();
-    }
-
-    private static LENGTH lookupLength() {
-        return (LENGTH) FunctionTable.INSTANCE.lookupFunction("LENGTH");
-    }
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private ArgumentValidator properListValidator;
-
-    public LENGTH(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(1);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
-        this.properListValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name + "|list|");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LispNumber call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-        properListValidator.validate((Cons) argumentList.getFirst());
-
-        return callTailRecursive(BigInteger.ZERO, argumentList).invoke();
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber callWithoutArgumentValidation(Cons argumentList) {
-        return callTailRecursive(BigInteger.ZERO, argumentList).invoke();
-    }
-
-    private TailCall<LispNumber> callTailRecursive(BigInteger accumulatedLength, Cons argumentList) {
-        Cons list = (Cons) argumentList.getFirst();
-        Cons restOfList = makeList(list.getRest());
-
-        if (list.isNull())
-            return done(new LispNumber(accumulatedLength));
-
-        return tailCall(() -> callTailRecursive(increment(accumulatedLength), restOfList));
-    }
-
-    private BigInteger increment(BigInteger number) {
-        return number.add(BigInteger.ONE);
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/LIST.java

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.Nil;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "LIST" })
-public class LIST extends LispFunction {
-
-    public static Cons makeList(SExpression sexpr) {
-        return new Cons(sexpr, Nil.INSTANCE);
-    }
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public LIST(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Cons call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        return argumentList;
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/Length.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+import table.FunctionTable
+import table.FunctionTable.lookupFunction
+import java.math.BigInteger.ZERO
+
+@FunctionNames("LENGTH")
+class Length(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(1)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val properListValidator = ArgumentValidator("$name|list|")
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        val arguments = argumentList.first as Cons
+        properListValidator.validate(arguments)
+
+        return getLength(arguments)
+    }
+
+    private fun getLength(arguments: Cons) =
+        LispNumber(arguments.fold(ZERO) { count, _ -> count.inc() })
+
+    companion object {
+
+        fun getLength(list: Cons) = lookupLength().getLength(list).value
+        private fun lookupLength() = lookupFunction("LENGTH") as Length
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/List.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.Nil
+import sexpression.SExpression
+
+@FunctionNames("LIST")
+class List(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name)
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): Cons {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        return argumentList
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+
+        @JvmStatic
+        fun makeList(sexpr: SExpression): Cons {
+            return Cons(sexpr, Nil)
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/REST.java

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.cons;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "REST", "CDR" })
-public class REST extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public REST(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(1);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons.class);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-        Cons argument = (Cons) argumentList.getFirst();
-
-        return argument.getRest();
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/Rest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package function.builtin.cons
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.SExpression
+
+@FunctionNames("REST", "CDR")
+class Rest(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(1)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(Cons::class.java)
+    }
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): SExpression {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+        val argument = argumentList.first as Cons
+
+        return argument.rest
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/DIVIDE.java

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import error.LispException;
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-
-import java.math.BigInteger;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "/" })
-public class DIVIDE extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private MathFunction mathFunction;
-
-    public DIVIDE(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setMinimumNumberOfArguments(1);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-        this.mathFunction = new MathFunction(this::getReciprocal, this::divide);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LispNumber call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        try {
-            return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(argumentList).invoke();
-        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
-            throw new DivideByZeroException();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber getReciprocal(LispNumber number) {
-        return new LispNumber(BigInteger.ONE.divide(number.getValue()));
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber divide(LispNumber number1, LispNumber number2) {
-        return new LispNumber(number1.getValue().divide(number2.getValue()));
-    }
-
-    public static class DivideByZeroException extends LispException {
-
-        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-        @Override
-        public String getMessage() {
-            return "divide by zero";
-        }
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Divide.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import error.LispException
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+import java.math.BigInteger.ONE
+
+@FunctionNames("/")
+class Divide(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setMinimumNumberOfArguments(1)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val mathFunction = MathFunction(this::getReciprocal, this::divide)
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        try {
+            return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(argumentList)
+        } catch (e: ArithmeticException) {
+            throw DivideByZeroException()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun getReciprocal(number: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(ONE / number.value)
+
+    private fun divide(number1: LispNumber, number2: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(number1.value / number2.value)
+
+    class DivideByZeroException : LispException() {
+
+        override val message = "divide by zero"
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MINUS.java

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-
-import java.math.BigInteger;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "-" })
-public class MINUS extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private MathFunction mathFunction;
-
-    public MINUS(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setMinimumNumberOfArguments(1);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-        this.mathFunction = new MathFunction(this::additiveInverse, this::subtract);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LispNumber call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(argumentList).invoke();
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber additiveInverse(LispNumber number) {
-        return new LispNumber(BigInteger.ZERO.subtract(number.getValue()));
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber subtract(LispNumber number1, LispNumber number2) {
-        return new LispNumber(number1.getValue().subtract(number2.getValue()));
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MODULO.java

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import error.LispException;
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "MOD", "MODULO", "%" })
-public class MODULO extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public MODULO(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(2);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-        LispNumber dividend = (LispNumber) argumentList.getFirst();
-        LispNumber divisor = (LispNumber) ((Cons) argumentList.getRest()).getFirst();
-
-        try {
-            return new LispNumber(dividend.getValue().mod(divisor.getValue()));
-        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
-            throw new ModulusNotPositiveException();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static class ModulusNotPositiveException extends LispException {
-
-        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-        @Override
-        public String getMessage() {
-            return "modulus not positive";
-        }
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MULTIPLY.java

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "*" })
-public class MULTIPLY extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private MathFunction mathFunction;
-
-    public MULTIPLY(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-        this.mathFunction = new MathFunction(number -> number, this::multiply);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LispNumber call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(new Cons(LispNumber.Companion.getONE(), argumentList)).invoke();
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber multiply(LispNumber number1, LispNumber number2) {
-        return new LispNumber(number1.getValue().multiply(number2.getValue()));
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MathFunction.java

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import recursion.TailCall;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-import java.util.function.BiFunction;
-import java.util.function.Function;
-
-import static recursion.TailCalls.done;
-import static recursion.TailCalls.tailCall;
-
-class MathFunction {
-
-    Function<LispNumber, LispNumber> singleValueOperation;
-    BiFunction<LispNumber, LispNumber, LispNumber> multipleValueOperation;
-
-    public MathFunction(Function<LispNumber, LispNumber> singleValueOperation,
-                        BiFunction<LispNumber, LispNumber, LispNumber> multipleValueOperation) {
-        this.singleValueOperation = singleValueOperation;
-        this.multipleValueOperation = multipleValueOperation;
-    }
-
-    public TailCall<LispNumber> callTailRecursive(Cons argumentList) {
-        Cons remainingArguments = (Cons) argumentList.getRest();
-        SExpression firstArgument = argumentList.getFirst();
-        LispNumber number1 = (LispNumber) firstArgument;
-
-        if (remainingArguments.isNull())
-            return done(singleValueOperation.apply(number1));
-
-        SExpression secondArgument = remainingArguments.getFirst();
-        LispNumber number2 = (LispNumber) secondArgument;
-        LispNumber operationResult = multipleValueOperation.apply(number1, number2);
-        SExpression remainingNumbers = remainingArguments.getRest();
-
-        if (remainingNumbers.isNull())
-            return done(operationResult);
-
-        return tailCall(() -> callTailRecursive(new Cons(operationResult, remainingNumbers)));
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MathFunction.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+
+internal class MathFunction(private val singleValueOperation: (LispNumber) -> LispNumber,
+                            private val multipleValueOperation: (LispNumber, LispNumber) -> LispNumber) {
+
+    tailrec fun callTailRecursive(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        val remainingArguments = argumentList.rest as Cons
+        val firstArgument = argumentList.first
+        val number1 = firstArgument as LispNumber
+
+        if (remainingArguments.isNull)
+            return singleValueOperation(number1)
+
+        val secondArgument = remainingArguments.first
+        val number2 = secondArgument as LispNumber
+        val operationResult = multipleValueOperation(number1, number2)
+        val remainingNumbers = remainingArguments.rest
+
+        return if (remainingNumbers.isNull)
+            operationResult
+        else
+            callTailRecursive(Cons(operationResult, remainingNumbers))
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Minus.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+
+import java.math.BigInteger.ZERO
+
+@FunctionNames("-")
+class Minus(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setMinimumNumberOfArguments(1)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val mathFunction: MathFunction = MathFunction(this::additiveInverse, this::subtract)
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(argumentList)
+    }
+
+    private fun additiveInverse(number: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(ZERO - number.value)
+
+    private fun subtract(number1: LispNumber, number2: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(number1.value - number2.value)
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Module.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import error.LispException
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+import sexpression.SExpression
+
+@FunctionNames("MOD", "MODULO", "%")
+class Module(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(2)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): SExpression {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        val dividend = argumentList.first as LispNumber
+        val divisor = (argumentList.rest as Cons).first as LispNumber
+
+        try {
+            return LispNumber(dividend.value.mod(divisor.value))
+        } catch (e: ArithmeticException) {
+            throw ModulusNotPositiveException()
+        }
+    }
+
+    class ModulusNotPositiveException : LispException() {
+
+        override val message = "modulus not positive"
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Multiply.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+import sexpression.LispNumber.Companion.ONE
+
+@FunctionNames("*")
+class Multiply(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val mathFunction: MathFunction = MathFunction({ it }, this::multiply)
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(Cons(ONE, argumentList))
+    }
+
+    private fun multiply(number1: LispNumber, number2: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(number1.value * number2.value)
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/PLUS.java

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "+" })
-public class PLUS extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-    private MathFunction mathFunction;
-
-    public PLUS(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-        this.mathFunction = new MathFunction(number -> number, this::add);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LispNumber call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-
-        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(new Cons(LispNumber.Companion.getZERO(), argumentList)).invoke();
-    }
-
-    private LispNumber add(LispNumber number1, LispNumber number2) {
-        return new LispNumber(number1.getValue().add(number2.getValue()));
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Plus.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+
+@FunctionNames("+")
+class Plus(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    private val mathFunction: MathFunction = MathFunction({ it }, this::add)
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): LispNumber {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        return mathFunction.callTailRecursive(Cons(LispNumber.ZERO, argumentList))
+    }
+
+    private fun add(number1: LispNumber, number2: LispNumber) =
+        LispNumber(number1.value + number2.value)
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/REMAINDER.java

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-package function.builtin.math;
-
-import function.ArgumentValidator;
-import function.FunctionNames;
-import function.LispFunction;
-import function.builtin.math.DIVIDE.DivideByZeroException;
-import sexpression.Cons;
-import sexpression.LispNumber;
-import sexpression.SExpression;
-
-@FunctionNames({ "REM", "REMAINDER" })
-public class REMAINDER extends LispFunction {
-
-    private ArgumentValidator argumentValidator;
-
-    public REMAINDER(String name) {
-        this.argumentValidator = new ArgumentValidator(name);
-        this.argumentValidator.setExactNumberOfArguments(2);
-        this.argumentValidator.setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber.class);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public SExpression call(Cons argumentList) {
-        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList);
-        LispNumber dividend = (LispNumber) argumentList.getFirst();
-        LispNumber divisor = (LispNumber) ((Cons) argumentList.getRest()).getFirst();
-
-        try {
-            return new LispNumber(dividend.getValue().remainder(divisor.getValue()));
-        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
-            throw new DivideByZeroException();
-        }
-    }
-}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/math/Remainder.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package function.builtin.math
+
+import function.ArgumentValidator
+import function.FunctionNames
+import function.LispFunction
+import function.builtin.math.Divide.DivideByZeroException
+import sexpression.Cons
+import sexpression.LispNumber
+import sexpression.SExpression
+
+@FunctionNames("REM", "REMAINDER")
+class Remainder(name: String) : LispFunction() {
+
+    private val argumentValidator = ArgumentValidator(name).apply {
+        setExactNumberOfArguments(2)
+        setEveryArgumentExpectedType(LispNumber::class.java)
+    }
+
+    override fun call(argumentList: Cons): SExpression {
+        argumentValidator.validate(argumentList)
+
+        val dividend = argumentList.first as LispNumber
+        val divisor = (argumentList.rest as Cons).first as LispNumber
+
+        try {
+            return LispNumber(dividend.value % divisor.value)
+        } catch (e: ArithmeticException) {
+            throw DivideByZeroException()
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/predicate/NumericLess.kt

@@ -3,14 +3,10 @@ package function.builtin.predicate
 import function.ArgumentValidator
 import function.FunctionNames
 import function.LispFunction
-import recursion.TailCall
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.LispNumber
 import sexpression.Nil
 import sexpression.SExpression
-
-import recursion.TailCalls.done
-import recursion.TailCalls.tailCall
 import sexpression.Symbol.Companion.T
 
 @FunctionNames("<")

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/special/Define.kt

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import error.LispWarning
 import function.ArgumentValidator
 import function.LispSpecialFunction
 import function.UserDefinedFunction
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.SExpression
 import sexpression.Symbol

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/special/DefineSpecial.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package function.builtin.special
 
 import function.FunctionNames
-import function.UserDefinedFunction
 import function.UserDefinedSpecialFunction
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.SExpression

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/special/Defmacro.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package function.builtin.special
 
 import function.FunctionNames
-import function.UserDefinedFunction
 import function.UserDefinedMacro
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.SExpression

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/special/Lambda.kt

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import function.ArgumentValidator
 import function.FunctionNames
 import function.LispSpecialFunction
 import function.UserDefinedFunction
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.LambdaExpression
 import sexpression.SExpression

src/main/kotlin/function/builtin/special/Setq.kt

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import function.FunctionNames
 import function.LispSpecialFunction
 import function.builtin.Eval.Companion.eval
 import function.builtin.Set.Companion.set
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.SExpression
 import sexpression.Symbol

src/main/kotlin/table/SymbolTable.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package table
 
-import function.builtin.cons.APPEND.append
+import function.builtin.cons.Append.Companion.append
-import function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList
+import function.builtin.cons.List.Companion.makeList
 import sexpression.Cons
 import sexpression.Nil
 import sexpression.SExpression

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/AppendTest.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class APPENDTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class AppendTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void appendNil() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/ConstructTest.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class CONSTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class ConstructTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void consWithNilValues() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/FirstTest.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class FIRSTTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class FirstTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void firstOfNil() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/LengthTest.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class LENGTHTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class LengthTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void lengthOfNil() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/ListTest.java

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ package function.builtin.cons;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 
-import static function.builtin.cons.LIST.makeList;
+import static function.builtin.cons.List.makeList;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class LISTTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class ListTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void listWithNoArguments() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/cons/RestTest.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class RESTTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class RestTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void restOfNil() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/DivideTest.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package function.builtin.math;
 
 import function.ArgumentValidator.BadArgumentTypeException;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.TooFewArgumentsException;
-import function.builtin.math.DIVIDE.DivideByZeroException;
+import function.builtin.math.Divide.DivideByZeroException;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.parseString;
 
-public class DIVIDETest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class DivideTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void divideWithOne() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MinusTest.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 
-public class MINUSTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class MinusTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void minusWithOneNumber() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/ModuleTest.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package function.builtin.math;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.BadArgumentTypeException;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.TooFewArgumentsException;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.TooManyArgumentsException;
-import function.builtin.math.MODULO.ModulusNotPositiveException;
+import function.builtin.math.Module.ModulusNotPositiveException;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import sexpression.LispNumber;
 import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertIsErrorWithMessage;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 
-public class MODULOTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class ModuleTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void mod() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/MultiplyTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 
-public class MULTIPLYTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class MultiplyTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void multiplyWithNoArguments() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/PlusTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 
-public class PLUSTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class PlusTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void plusWithNoArguments() {

src/test/kotlin/function/builtin/math/RemainderTest.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package function.builtin.math;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.BadArgumentTypeException;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.TooFewArgumentsException;
 import function.ArgumentValidator.TooManyArgumentsException;
-import function.builtin.math.DIVIDE.DivideByZeroException;
+import function.builtin.math.Divide.DivideByZeroException;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import sexpression.LispNumber;
 import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import testutil.SymbolAndFunctionCleaner;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.assertSExpressionsMatch;
 import static testutil.TestUtilities.evaluateString;
 
-public class REMAINDERTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
+public class RemainderTest extends SymbolAndFunctionCleaner {
 
     @Test
     public void rem() {